One of the most important new cement components is a geopolymer binder made up of four inexpensive and widely available ingredients: Class-F fly ash, fresh water, water-glass (sodium silicate), and lye (sodium hydroxide). This geopolymer binder can have as little as 2 percent calcium, producing a saltwater-resistant material. In general, geopolymer cement (binders) are stronger bond well to most materials have minimal expansion or contraction are formable resistant to salts, acids, and alkalis and are fireproof and waterproof. In keeping with the climate accord of clean energy, the production of geopolymer cement has an 80 percent smaller carbon footprint then a standard OPC. The tower interface to the bottom is equal to 625 linear feet. To replace the steel rebar, a nonmetallic bar made from readily available basalt stone is used for reinforcement. Basalt (generic solidified volcanic rock) is found all over the Earth and is a key component of the mix, enabling the 100-year minimum durability of the foundation structure.
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